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mitsuko yamura-takei

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professor, hiroshima shudo university JAPAN

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research interests

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• computer-assisted language learning (CALL) ਍ഀ
• natural language processing (NLP) ਍ഀ
• second language acquisition (SLA)਍ഀ
• corpus analysis ਍ഀ
• centering theory [bibliography]਍ഀ

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educational backgrounds

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• Doctor in Information Sciences, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, March 2005਍ഀ
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  • Thesis commitee: Professors Naoki Asada, Teruaki Aizawa and Yukihiro Matsubara਍ഀ
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• M.S. in (Computational) Linguistics, Graduate School, Department of Linguistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC., January 1997਍ഀ
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  • Advisor: Prof. Catherine N. Ball (GU course work)਍ഀ
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• Certificate in TESL, (Summer Course in Tokyo) Graduate School, Department of Linguistics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC., August 1995਍ഀ

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research experiences

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• Research intern, Machine Translation Research Group, NTT Communication Science Laboratories, 2002, April-August.਍ഀ
• Cooperative researcher, Natural Language Processing Lab. Faculty of Information Sciences, Hiroshima City University, 1997-2001, 2005਍ഀ

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memberships

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• Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 2002-਍ഀ
• Japanese Society for Information and Systems in Education (JSiSE)　教育システム情報学会, 2003-਍ഀ
• Association for Natural Language Processing (ANLP)　言語処理学会, 2003-਍ഀ
• Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE)　電子情報通信学会, 2004-2009਍ഀ
• Japan Association of College English Teachers (JACET) 大学英語教育学会, 2005-਍ഀ
• Japan Association for Language Education and Technology (LET) 外国語教育メディア学会, 2005- ਍ഀ
• American Association of Teachers of Japanese (AATJ), 2011-਍ഀ
• British Association for Applied Linguistics (BAAL), 2012-਍ഀ
• American Association for Applied Linguistics (AAAL), 2013-਍ഀ

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publications/presentations

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• Book contributions਍ഀ
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  1. 藤原美保・竹井光子. (2010).接続表現の使用とゼロ代਍幔릊赛Ꚋ㩞 ꭎ➌湠댰릉䭰褰渰鼰፛梚̰�㱛⼀戀㸀฀ÿ地앓暖࡟ॽ೿0麊暊桛ⱥ鹧妊뉥嚀ഀ《103-121. くろしお出版. ਍ഀ
  2. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei and Miho Fujiwara. (2007). Japanese Native Speakers’ Intuition of ZERO Use: An Account by Centering Theory. In Minami, Masahiko (ed.), Applying Theory and Research to Learning Japanese as a Foreign Language, 213-239. Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.਍ഀ
  3. 藤原美保・竹井光子. (2005). ゼロ代਍幔殊蠰謰倰彽❧桠괰᎖Ꙧᩞ巿渰⸰幺梘ذ͒ٞ遒湧댰릉䭰褰㰰⼀戀㸀฀ÿ地앓暖࡟ॽ೿0麊暊桛ⱥ鹧妊뉥䦀嘀ഀ《 163-174. くろしお出版. [abstract]਍ഀ
  4. 藤原美保・竹井光子. (2004). 言語理論のゼロ代਍幔ފ๣硜渰�⡟㱵⼀戀㸀฀ÿ地앓暖౟䗿칭ᾑw偽࡛燿ॽ೿0麊暊桛ⱥ鹧妊뉥䦀䤀䤀ഀ《 325-342. くろしお出版. [abstract]਍ഀ
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• Refereed journal articles਍ഀ
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  1. 竹井光子・相沢輝昭・藤原美保. (2004). 読解支援システムへの認知的・第二言語習得理論的アプローチ：ゼロ代਍幔殊蠰謰倰彽❧㱠⼀戀㸀⸀ഀ ਍            ऀऀऀऀ夀뉥란뤰옰씰ㅠ晘ᩛ豏₊嘀漀氀⸀㈀㄀ 一漀⸀　㌀Ⰰ ㈀　㔀ⴀ㈀㄀㌀⸀ర昰퉛텿晹桛昰퉛ཿ姿뉥⾀띣뤰옰ര《特集号 [abstract]਍ഀ
  2. Laurel Fais and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei. (2003). The Nature of Referent Resolution in Japanese Email. Discourse Processes, Volume 36 Issue 3, 167-204. Laurence Erlbaum Associates, NJ. [abstract]਍ഀ
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• Refereed international conferences (with proceedings)਍ഀ
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  1. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei and Etsuko Yoshida.(to appear). When do you use pronouns?: An entity coherence approach. To appear in Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (Learning. Working and Communicating in a Global Context), xxx-xxx, September, Coventry.਍ഀ
  2. Etsuko Yoshida and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei. (2013). Detecting patterns of sequences by coding scheme and transcribed utterance information: An analysis of English and Japanese reactive tokens as non-primary speaker’s role. In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (Opening New Lines of Communication in Applied Linguistics), xxx-xxx, September, Edinburgh.਍ഀ
  3. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei and Etsuko Yoshida.(2012). A Centering analysis of a comparable learner/native-speaker corpus. In Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the British Association for Applied Linguistics (Multilingual Theory and Practice਍ഀ in Applied Linguistics), 275-279, September, Southampton.਍ഀ
  4. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Miho Fujiwara and Etsuko Yoshida. (2010). Entity coherence in comparable learner corpora: Seeking pedagogical insights. InProceedings of the 24th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation (PACLIC 24), Workshop on Advanced Corpus Solutions, November 4, 2010, Sendai, 779-788. ਍ഀ
  5. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Miho Fujiwara and Etsuko Yoshida. (2009). Comparable local learner corpora: Raising discourse awareness. In Proceedings of Pacific Associations for Computational Linguistics (PACLING 2009), September 1-4, 2009, Sapporo, CD-ROM. ਍ഀ
  6. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Teruaki Aizawa and Miho Fujiwara. (2005). Diversity of zeros in Japanese discourse: A corpus analysis and a tool for language teachers. In Proceedings of Pacific Associations for Computational Linguistics (PACLING 2005), August 24-27, 2005, Tokyo, 358-367. [PDF] ਍ഀ
  7. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei and Miho Fujiwara. (2004). Understanding zeros and coherence in Japanese．In Proceedings of the 8th Conference of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics (PAAL2003), 561-574. CD-ROM. (extended version of PAAL2003 presentation).[PDF] ਍ഀ
  8. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei. (2003). Approaches to Zero Adnominal Recognition. In Proceedings of the 41 Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL2003) Student Research Workshop, July 7-12, Sapporo, Japan, 87-94. [PDF]਍ഀ
  9. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Miho Fujiwara, Makoto Yoshie and Teruaki Aizawa. (2002). Automatic Linguistic Analysis for Language Teachers: The Case of Zeros. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING2002), August 26-30, 2002, Taipei, Taiwan, 1114-1120.[PDF]਍ഀ
  10. Miho Fujiwara and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei (2002). Zero Checker: A CALL Program for Reading and Writing Japanese. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of Computer-Assisted System for Teaching and Learning Japanese (CASTEL/J2002), July 11-14, 2002, San Diego, 205-208.[PDF] ਍ഀ
  11. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Miho Fujiwara and Teruaki Aizawa (2001). Centering as an Anaphora Generation Algorithm: A Language Learning Aid Perspective. In Proceedings of the 6th Natural Language Processing Pacific Rim Symposium (NLPRS 2001), November 27-29, 2001, Tokyo, Japan, 557-562.[PDF]਍ഀ
  12. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Miho Fujiwara and Teruaki Aizawa (2001). Resolving and Generating Zero Anaphora in Japanese: A Language Learning Aid Perspective. In Proceedings of Pacific Associations for Computational Linguistics (PACLING 2001), September 11-14, 2001, Kikakyushu, Japan, 325-331. Best Paper Award. [PDF]਍ഀ
  13. Donald Loritz, William DeSmedt, Nobuyuki Aoki, Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Chen Lifen (1998). Grammar Checking, Diagnostic Testing and Student Modeling. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE98), Beijing, China, 310-316਍ഀ
  14. William DeSmedt, Donald Loritz, Chen Lifen and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei (1998). Authorable Conversation Simulators for Language Learning. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computers in Education (ICCE98), Beijing, China, 557-563.਍ഀ
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• Annual meetings (with proceedings)਍ഀ
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  1. 記谷康之・脇谷直子・竹井光子・西村仁志 (2014). 全学的な情報リテラシー向਍鉎脰嘰地弰ᴰ瑒⅞앫ㅠ奘뉥톀湶ᰰ㱩㲊⼀戀㸀⸀ 猀ၞ㉢㔀琀Ꙟ奞뉥㦀楥䦗䌀吀☀敢❵ᩙ衏㽎왺Ⲗ 砀砀砀ⴀ砀砀砀⸀ ㈀　㄀㐀琀㥞ࠀ౧燿걧ࡎ竿桶袈驎ज़໿෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff✰ꑙὯ彷๎⣿㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ ꈀ쬰픰㭒奵健䍧甀氀琀甀爀攀 匀眀愀瀀栀䴰漀漀搀氀攀鈀⤰⡒坵弰鼰梍뤰鱒湧ᰰ㱩ࢊ嗿猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䄀渀椀洀愀琀攀搀 嘀椀搀攀漀 匀攀爀椀攀猀 ᰀ䌠甀氀琀甀爀攀 匀眀愀瀀ᴀ†漀渀 䴀漀漀搀氀攀㨀 䔀昀昀攀挀琀猀 愀渀搀 䤀猀猀甀攀猀ऀ໿᛿ﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻㐀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։Ⲙ 砀砀砀ⴀ砀砀砀⸀ ㈀　㄀㐀琀㡞ࠀ౧迿ꅹ࡜竿桶袈驎ज़໿෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀ऀごꙵ偠ﭛ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffℰ멮螏ὥ⁵⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀︀煛溊ꐰ뼰ﰰꈰ꼰뜰䰰윰熊溊ꈰ꘰젰휰쌰젰欰ะ䡎謰焰｟᪗ⱥ鹧춊鹫熊֊殀蠰謰帰䶀䬰穢煶溊㨰쁒桯뤰鱒㱧⼀戀㸀⸀ 㸀᩹O麊톊晹ᩛOⰰ㍻㌀�❖ᩙ穏桶횈螊왥Ⲗ 㠀㐀ⴀ㠀㜀⸀ ㈀　㄀㐀琀㍞ࠀⱧ 䌀䥓⺄ഀ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀᠀㞊람䭞פֿ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffܰ㞁偶⁛⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀ᴀ瑒⅞앫ㅠ옰뜰ﰰ터敶Տ満씰ㅠ㭘⡭歵ꈰ妕謰༰塡溋रᙙ㱓⼀戀㸀⸀ 夀뉥란뤰옰씰ㅠ晘ᩛᑏ癸ㅺ䩘౔盿漀氀⸀㈀㠀Ⰰ 一漀⸀ 㘀⠀㈀　㄀㐀ⴀ㌀⤀ఀㇿ　㌀ⴀ㄀　㐀⸀ ㈀　㄀㐀琀㍞ࠀ౧෿吊古屋．਍ഀ
  2. 記谷康之・脇谷直子・竹井光子 (2013). 検定試験合格者の授業パフォーマンスから見る情報科目の検証. 平成25年度教育改革ICT戦略大会予稿集, 252-253. 2013年9月，東京．਍ഀ
  3. 青木信之・鈴木繁夫・竹井光子・志水俊広・渡辺智恵・池਍὎멷פֿ侮譛敝⁓⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀ᨀ�橩✰晙끛荴歘䨰儰謰麂斊ﰰ쬰뀰�촰ﰰ렰젰栰昰퉛湿ꈰ슕歏搰䐰昰ሰ匢谰縰朰渰ᐰ癸杺輰䬰挰弰匰栰ူ㰠⼀戀㸀⸀ 氀�띒�렰꘰稰桶袈驎⹛ ᘀﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻㌀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։Ⲙ ㄀㤀㐀ⴀ㄀㤀㔀⸀ ㈀　㄀㌀琀㡞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀 ⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀대터혰댰ﰰ터뤰ذ遒㩧윀熊�渰礰둲桟昰퉛տ뺀ᅐ⁔⠀䄀 䐀椀猀挀漀甀爀猀攀ⴀ氀攀瘀攀氀 䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 愀 䌀漀洀瀀愀爀愀戀氀攀 䌀漀爀瀀甀猀㨀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 愀渀搀 䰀攀愀爀渀攀爀 吀攀渀搀攀渀挀椀攀猀⤀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ ᘀﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻㌀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։Ⲙ ㄀㔀㠀ⴀ㄀㔀㤀⸀ ㈀　㄀㌀琀㡞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀✀ꑙὯ彷פֿ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀 ⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䌀愀渀ⴀ搀漀뼀ﮊ偧鱽鉧侮歗謰窕坶弰ꈰ쬰夰健⁧ᰀ䌠甀氀琀甀爀攀 匀眀愀瀀ᴀ渠焰॑歧ᄰ兔昰㰰⼀戀㸀⸀ 稀桶袈驎⹛ ᘀﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻㌀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։Ⲙ 㘀㘀ⴀ㘀㜀⸀ ㈀　㄀㌀琀㡞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀ऀごꙵ偠ﭛ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffℰ멮螏ὥ⁵⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀뤀젰ﰰﰰאּ옰뀰欰蠰謰︰煛䮊褰ꈰ譣0麊䮊⢐ﵵ鮀湒ذ遒ᩧⱥ鹧暊퉛տྀⱥ鹧춊鹫熊֊잀ﰰ뼰鈰퐰ͫ垏昰㰰⼀戀㸀⸀ 㸀᩹O麊톊晹ᩛOⰰ㍻㄀�❖ᩙ穏桶횈螊왥Ⲗ ㄀㈀㠀ⴀ㄀㈀㤀Ⰰ ㈀　㄀㌀琀㍞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀᠀㞊람䭞פֿ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffܰ㞁偶⁛⠀㈀　㄀㈀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀栀晑葛橶씰ㅠّ聴ﵢᆀൔ上を志向した必修・選択科目の連携. 平成24年度教育改革ICT戦略大会予稿集, 198-199. 2012年9月，東京．਍ഀ
  4. 記谷康之・竹井光子・脇谷直子 (2012).初年次情報リテラシー教育科目におけるMoodleの活用. 教育システム情報学会中国支部研究発表会 講演論文集第12巻第1号, 27-28. 2012年7月, 広島.਍ഀ
  5. 大澤真也・中西大輔・竹井光子　(2012). 学生に自信を付けさせる英語教育プログラムの予備的検討（3）：英語カリキュラム改善のために. 日本リメディアル教育学会第８回全国大会予稿集, 76-77. 2012年8月, 京都．਍ഀ
  6. 記谷康之・竹井光子・脇谷直子 (2011). 全学導入の初年次情報科目：検定対策から情報リテラシー指導への転換. 平成23年度教育改革ICT戦略大会予稿集, 222-223. 2011年9月，東京．਍ഀ
  7. 有田真理子・竹井光子・岡田あずさ・大澤真也・中西大輔・土岸真由美 (2011). 複数Moodleの統合と全学導入環境の構築に向けての取り組み. 平成23年度教育改革ICT戦略大会予稿集, 190-191. 2011年9月，東京．਍ഀ
  8. 青木信之・鈴木繁夫・竹井光子・志水俊広・渡辺智恵・能登原祥之・池਍὎멷פֿ侮譛敝⁓⠀㈀　㄀㄀⤀⸀ ഀ ਍㰀戀㸀ᨀ�橩✰晙끛荴歘䨰儰謰麂斊ﰰ쬰뀰ᔰ映퉛տꊀ넰ﰰ젰䬰褰缰䠰昰估謰舰渰ᔰ†⠀䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 攀ⴀ氀攀愀爀渀椀渀最 椀渀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 猀攀琀琀椀渀最猀⤀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 氀�띒�렰꘰ര ਍ᘀﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻㄀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։⺘ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㐀　ⴀ㄀㐀㌀⸀ ㈀　㄀㄀琀㡞ࠀ౧෿吊古屋．਍ഀ
  9. 竹井光子・記谷康之・脇谷直子 (2011). 全学導入の初年次情報科目：検定対策から情報リテラシー指導への転換. 平成23年度教育改革ICT戦略大会予稿集, 222-223. 2011年9月，東京．਍ഀ
  10. 竹井光子・マシュー・ポーター (2011). Moodle を利用した公開・協働型学習導入の試み (Promoting Open and Collaborative Learning with Moodle). 外国語教育メディア学会(LET) 第51回全国研究大会発表要項. 98-99. 2011年8月，਍䭓๜෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀ    ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff✰ꑙὯ彷פֿꄰぜ䉵娰唰אּἰ롗὜ㅷ蹵ﭿⴰ罎➉ᑙﮏरでήٷ側⁛⠀㈀　㄀　⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀麂溊昰獛鈰⼰奣謰攰꬀옰ర旿�ﰰ젰픰ꤰꨰర旿ﰰ쬰뀰뜰뤰옰渰쬰쥩㱻⼀戀㸀⸀ 猀ၞ㉢㈀琀Ꙟ奞뉥㦀楥䦗䌀吀☀敢❵ᩙ衏㽎왺Ⲗ ㈀㈀㈀ⴀ㈀㈀㌀⸀ ㈀　㄀　琀㥞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀ    ऀ㰀氀椀㸀✀ꑙὯ彷פֿⴰ罎➉ᑙﮏ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffἰ롗὜ㅷ蹵ﭿꄰぜ䉵娰唰אּरでήٷ側⁛⠀㈀　㄀　⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀昀Ὓ歵鉏�兎唰嬰謰麂妊뉥힀뀰渰蠰饎葐ᱶ๩᪊䏿愀渀ⴀ搀漀ꈀ넰ﰰ젰渰ذ遒䭧褰㰰⼀戀㸀⸀ ⱥ윰ꌰꈰ夰뉥暀ᩛⱏ㙻�桖ﵑ❖ᩙ穏桶袈㽎왺Ⲗ ㄀㘀㘀ⴀ㄀㘀㜀฀㋿　㄀　琀㡞ࠀ౧ꊅ⹬ഀ ਍ऀ  ऀऀ   ऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff龅蹓�⹏ ⠀㈀　㄀　⤀⸀㰀戀㸀대터혰댰ﰰ터뤰欰䨰儰謰蜰幥枘�湟ܰ㩣幹梊ﺈ湳풂ͫ㪏麊▊祒둲桟昰퉛տ뺀ᅐ๔㳿⼀戀㸀ᘰﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻　�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։욘Ⲗ ㄀　㘀ⴀ㄀　㜀฀㋿　㄀　琀㡞ࠀⱧ ⨀屪๭෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀ    ऀ㰀氀椀㸀刀⢗䭏פֿℰ멮窏畦ﭠ㐰⢒䅧⭾ﭙ츰꒑敯ﭐ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff휰㑟쩬荏ﭞﴰ简齶敓䭹פֿ怰൬上真人・寺嶋健史．(2010)．多様な大学環境における英語ｅラーニングの効果について：教材消化率、学習時間、਍楎ސ晒퉛穿ὶ蝵歳䀰坶昰㰰⼀戀㸀ࠀ泿�띒�렰꘰र໿᛿ﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㕻　�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ腏։욘Ⲗ ㈀㜀㠀ⴀ㈀㠀㄀⸀ ㈀　㄀　琀㡞ࠀⱧ ⨀屪๭෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffरごꙵ偠ﭛ龅蹓�⹏ ⠀㈀　㄀　⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀뎂터혰댰ﰰ터뤰欰䨰儰謰蜰幥枘�湟ܰ㩣幹梊ﺈ湳퐰ͫڏ遒๧㳿⼀戀㸀0麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ㘀�瑖⅞❫ᩙ⁏稀桶횈螊왥Ⲗ ㄀　㠀㘀ⴀ㄀　㠀㤀⸀ ㈀　㄀　琀㍞ࠀ౧燿걧๎෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff龅蹓�⹏ ⠀㈀　　㤀⤀⸀㰀戀㸀獥䕼䘀䰀ⴀ䨀䘀䰀夀뉥낀荴湘⌰㪐此蠰謰댰터혰昰퉛տ뎀ﰰ터뤰渰쬰쥩᩻쟿熊�渰뼰0麊ྊ塡溋쌰㉏源阰릉䭰褰ะ㳿⼀戀㸀ᘰﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㑻㤀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։욘Ⲗ ㈀㔀㐀ⴀ㈀㔀㔀฀㋿　　㤀琀㡞ࠀⱧ 帀㡹๢෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffꄰぜ䉵娰唰אּ✰ꑙὯ彷⹎ ⠀㈀　　㤀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀뤀鱒葧橶혰윰ꌰ뀰鈰ݶ坣昰ᨰ⳿豻N麊튊靿ᑟ癸䭺褰渰㨰ٹ๕㳿⼀戀㸀ᘰﵙ鹖妊뉥윰ꌰꈰ昰ᩛ⡏䰀䔀吀⤀ Ⰰ㑻㤀�桖ﵑᑖ癸❺ᩙ穏桶膈։욘Ⲗ ㈀　㈀ⴀ㈀　㌀฀㋿　　㤀琀㡞ࠀⱧ 帀㡹๢෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffरごꙵ偠ﭛ龅蹓�⹏ ⠀㈀　　㤀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀윀熊�渰뼰0麊ﶊ鮀뉒ႀ湢弰脰渰댰터혰댰ﰰ터뤰渰쬰쥩桻㬰⡭๵㳿⼀戀㸀0麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ㔀�瑖⅞❫ᩙ⁏稀桶횈螊왥Ⲗ 㘀㈀㘀ⴀ㘀㈀㤀⸀ ㈀　　㤀琀㍞ࠀ౧횜๓෿ ਍ऀ  ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffरごꙵ偠⹛ ⠀㈀　　㠀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀대ﰰ터뤰ذ遒歧蠰謰朰�桟ﺈ湳츰왓梖崰渰夰뉥蒀㭶⡭⹵㰀⼀戀㸀0麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ㐀�瑖⅞❫ᩙ⁏甀ⵏﰰ꼰뜰쌰휰ర夰뉥ﮀ昰퉛鉿⼰奣謰0麊ّ൴《発表論文集, 23-26. 2008年3月21日，東京．[PDF (revised)]਍ഀ
  11. 竹井光子・藤原美保. (2007). 日本語の省略と母語話者の直感：センタリング理論による検証. 言語処理学会第13回年次大会発表論文集. 490-493. 2007年3月20 - 22日. 瀬田. [PDF]਍ഀ
  12. 竹井光子・河村雅子. (2006). 自律学習型オンライン講座における学習の継続を支援する試み. 外国語教育メディア学会(LET)第46回全国研究大会発表要項集, 12. 2006年8月2 - 4日, 京都. [PDF]਍ഀ
  13. 竹井光子・藤原美保・相沢輝昭. (2006). センタリング理論とゼロ代਍幔᪊ⱥ鹧뎊ﰰ터뤰ذ遒桧촰鹫熊֊뾀ﮊ湧倰鱽䭧褰㰰⼀戀㸀฀ÿ麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ㈀�瑖⅞❫ᩙ穏桶횈螊왥Ⲗ ㈀㤀㈀ⴀ㈀㤀㔀⸀㈰　　㘀琀㍞ࠀㅧ㐀ሀㄢ㘀౥⫿屪๭寿㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀倀䐀䘀⼀渀氀瀀　㘀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀倀䐀䘀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffꉶᵬⶏﭦ龅蹓�⁏⠀㈀　　㔀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀대ﰰ터뤰栰地昰渰夰健ᩧ黿暊奛⭥湞弰脰渰ذ遒桧쐰ﰰ㰰⼀戀㸀฀ÿ麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ㄀�瑖⅞❫ᩙ穏桶횈螊왥⺖㈰　　㔀琀㍞ࠀㅧ㔀ሀㄢ㜀౥駿�]�뤰뼰ﰰ稰桶ຈ寿㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀倀䐀䘀⼀渀氀瀀　㔀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀倀䐀䘀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ff彸敬ﭓꉶᵬⶏ⁦⠀㈀　　㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀Ⰰ豻N麊튊靿歟䨰儰謰ꐰ휰쌰젰㜰ᙟ桓㚁q麊ّ聴卢⺈㰀⼀戀㸀0麊ّ晴ᩛⱏㅻ　�瑖⅞❫ᩙ穏桶횈螊왥⺖㈰　　㐀琀㍞ࠀㅧ㘀ሀㄢ㠀౥燿걧๎寿㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀倀䐀䘀⼀渀氀瀀　㐀开㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀倀䐀䘀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀彸敬ﭓ‰㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffꉶᵬⶏ⁦⠀㈀　　㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀밀⌰厐㱏ൎ吊詞の自動検出システム．言語処理学会第10回年次大会発表論文集.　2004年3月16−18日，東京．[PDF]਍ഀ
  14. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei, Makoto Yoshie and Teruaki Aizawa (2002).਍ഀ Visualizing Zeros: A Japanese Learning Aid. In Proceedings of the 8th Annual Meeting of਍ഀ the Association for Natural Language Processing, March 18-20, 2002, Kyoto, Japan, 172-175.਍ഀ 言語処理学会第8回年次大会発表論文集. 2002年3月18日−20日，京都　[PDF]਍ഀ
  15. 竹井みつこ・高田美佳・相沢輝昭．　日本語ゼロ代਍幔溊弰脰渰뀰ﰰ퀰젰퐰쌰꼰渰礰牟㱒⼀戀㸀฀ÿര ਍            ऀऀऀऀ씀ㅠّ晴ᩛᑏ癸ㅺ䩘౔仿䰀ⴀ㄀㌀㔀ఀ엿ㅠّ晴ᩛ౏㋿　　　⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀऀ㰀⼀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  㰀氀椀㸀㰀椀㸀一漀渀ⴀ爀攀昀攀爀攀攀搀 樀漀甀爀渀愀氀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀猀⼀吀攀挀栀渀椀挀愀氀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀猀㰀⼀椀㸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀ㰀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀✀ꑙὯ彷פֿꄰぜ䉵娰唰אּ㰰甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ffἰ롗὜ㅷ蹵ⁿ⠀㈀　㄀　⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀攀ﰰ쬰뀰鈰ะ敜坑弰麂톊歶䨰儰謰蠰浣齩ᖍ뤠鱒葧橶혰윰ꌰ뀰鈰ݶ坣昰㰰⼀戀㸀⸀ 茀❏홙욊ₖⰀ㕻㄀ffⱝㅻⱓ ㄀㤀㜀ⴀ㈀　㜀⸀ഀ ਍            ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䘀甀欀甀礀漀 䬀愀琀猀甀Ⰰ 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䴀漀洀漀欀漀 夀漀欀漀椀 ⠀㈀　　㄀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀吀栀攀 䔀昀昀攀挀琀椀瘀攀渀攀猀猀 漀昀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀ⴀ䴀攀搀椀愀琀攀搀 䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀ഀ ਍            ऀऀऀऀ愀猀 愀 䰀攀愀爀渀椀渀最 䔀渀瘀椀爀漀渀洀攀渀琀㨀 䄀渀 䔀ⴀ䴀愀椀氀 䔀砀挀栀愀渀最攀ഀ ਍            ऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀樀攀挀琀 刀攀瀀漀爀琀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 茀浝❩晙ᑛ癸z腽‰ⰰ㍻㔀ff]猰ၞㅢ㌀琀㉞ࠀg茰浝❩晙[晝ﮐ뀰荴晘ඐ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀豈镺䥎偑㱛⼀甀㸀ఀ�轒N࠰㋿　　　ऀÿ蜰ƐwȰ晏⅛睨涀奩뉥�Ꚛᙞ譓窕ᑶ癸푺᝙ඊ ਍            ऀऀऀऀఀꐰ뼰ﰰ촰쌰젰ര上で、高等学校、専門学校、企業、海外の大学との授業連携を推進するためのコンテンツの研究開発਍謰济齩㹛ㅾ䩘൦ ਍            ऀऀऀऀࠀ替⅛함멬둎暝ቛW茰浝❩晙ɛ聜暕⅛h猰ၞㅢ㈀琀㍞ࠀ१ÿ㰰戀㸀Ⰰᕻ᩺矿᙭湙✰晙䥛桻渰⌰㪐鉤꠰㉣妐謰弰脰渰댰옰쐰渰謰窕桶㬰⡭㱵⼀戀㸀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀漀洀漀欀漀 夀漀欀漀椀Ⰰ 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䘀甀欀甀礀漀 䬀愀琀猀甀 ⠀㈀　　　⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䤀洀瀀愀挀琀 漀昀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀ⴀ䴀攀搀椀愀琀攀搀 䔀砀挀栀愀渀最攀猀 漀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀ഀ ਍            ऀऀऀऀ䰀攀愀爀渀椀渀最 愀渀搀 䌀爀漀猀猀ⴀ䌀甀氀琀甀爀愀氀 唀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 䤀渀 㰀椀㸀䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 吀攀愀挀栀椀渀最 倀爀愀挀琀椀挀攀 ㄀㤀㤀㤀⼀㈀　　　㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 㠀㄀ⴀ㤀㈀⸀ 匀椀渀最愀瀀漀爀攀 倀漀氀礀琀攀挀栀渀椀挀⸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀ㰀⼀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀऀഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀椀㸀䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀猀㰀⼀椀㸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ 㰀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䔀琀猀甀欀漀 夀漀猀栀椀搀愀⸀⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀圀栀攀渀 搀漀 礀漀甀 甀猀攀 瀀爀漀渀漀甀渀猀㼀㨀 䄀渀 攀渀琀椀琀礀 挀漀栀攀爀攀渀挀攀 愀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 吀漀 戀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 㐀㜀琀栀 䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䴀攀攀琀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 䄀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 䄀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 ⠀䰀攀愀爀渀椀渀最⸀ 圀漀爀欀椀渀最 愀渀搀 䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀渀最 椀渀 愀 䜀氀漀戀愀氀 䌀漀渀琀攀砀琀⤀㰀⼀椀㸀Ⰰ 匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀Ⰰ 䌀漀瘀攀渀琀爀礀⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀匀栀椀渀礀愀 伀稀愀眀愀Ⰰ 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀Ⰰ 吀椀洀漀琀栀礀 䌀甀爀琀椀猀Ⰰ 䨀愀洀攀猀 刀漀渀愀氀搀 愀渀搀 䬀攀渀 唀爀愀渀漀⸀ ⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀ᰀ䌠甀氀琀甀爀攀 匀眀愀瀀ᴀ㨠 䄀 猀甀爀瘀攀礀ⴀ椀渀猀瀀椀爀攀搀 洀漀搀甀氀愀爀 搀椀最椀琀愀氀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 昀漀爀 䌀䴀匀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 吀漀 戀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀䤀䰀䄀 圀漀爀氀搀 䌀漀渀最爀攀猀猀 ㈀　㄀㐀Ⰰ 䄀甀最甀猀琀Ⰰ 䈀爀椀猀戀愀渀攀⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀Ⰰ 䘀甀洀椀漀 圀愀琀愀渀愀戀攀Ⰰ 䔀琀猀甀欀漀 夀漀猀栀椀搀愀 愀渀搀 䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀⸀ ⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀吀栀攀 爀漀氀攀 漀昀 爀攀愀挀琀椀瘀攀 琀漀欀攀渀猀 椀渀 猀琀漀爀礀琀攀氀氀椀渀最 愀猀 昀攀攀搀戀愀挀欀 昀漀爀 氀攀砀椀挀愀氀 挀栀漀椀挀攀猀 椀渀 猀甀戀猀攀焀甀攀渀琀 猀琀漀爀礀眀爀椀琀椀渀最㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 吀漀 戀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 琀漀 䄀䤀䰀䄀 圀漀爀氀搀 䌀漀渀最爀攀猀猀 ㈀　㄀㐀Ⰰ 䄀甀最甀猀琀Ⰰ 䈀爀椀猀戀愀渀攀⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䔀琀猀甀欀漀 夀漀猀栀椀搀愀⸀⠀㈀　㄀㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䄀 䌀漀爀瀀甀猀⼀匀甀爀瘀攀礀ⴀ䈀愀猀攀搀 䤀渀瘀攀猀琀椀最愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀琀漀 倀爀漀渀漀洀椀渀愀氀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 䄀渀 䔀渀琀椀琀礀 䌀漀栀攀爀攀渀挀攀 䄀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀倀䌀䰀䌀 ⠀䄀猀椀愀 倀愀挀椀昀椀挀 䌀漀爀瀀甀猀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀椀琀挀猀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀⤀ ㈀　㄀㐀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀Ⰰ 䠀漀渀最 䬀漀渀最⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀䔀琀猀甀欀漀 夀漀猀栀椀搀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䐀攀琀攀挀琀椀渀最 瀀愀琀琀攀爀渀猀 漀昀 猀攀焀甀攀渀挀攀猀 戀礀 挀漀搀椀渀最 猀挀栀攀洀攀 愀渀搀 琀爀愀渀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀 甀琀琀攀爀愀渀挀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀㨀  䄀渀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 愀渀搀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 爀攀愀挀琀椀瘀攀 琀漀欀攀渀猀 愀猀 渀漀渀ⴀ瀀爀椀洀愀爀礀 猀瀀攀愀欀攀爀ᤀ猠 爀漀氀攀㰀⼀戀㸀 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䈀䄀䄀䰀 ⠀䈀爀椀琀椀猀栀 䄀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 䄀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀⤀ ㈀　㄀㌀ 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀Ⰰ 䔀搀椀渀戀甀爀最栀⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀䔀琀猀甀欀漀 夀漀猀栀椀搀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀⠀㈀　㄀㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀ఀ뤰젰ﰰﰰאּ옰뀰欰䨰儰謰︰煛䮊⢐ﵵ鮀桒윰熊쮊ၩﵢ鮀ᩒⱥ鹧暊퉛տྀⱥ鹧춊鹫熊֊잀ﰰ뼰鈰퐰ͫ垏昰ര《(Storytelling and discourse fluency: Insights from a comparison of NS/NNS spoken and written data). Presented at AATJ (American Association of Teachers of Japanese) 2013 Annual Conference, March 21, San Diego.਍ഀ
  16. Mitsuko Yamura-Takei and Etsuko Yoshida.(2012). A Centering Analysis of a Comparable Learner/Native-speaker Corpus. Presented at BAAL (British Association for Applied Linguistics) 2012 Conference, September, Southampton.਍ഀ
  17. Etsuko Yoshida and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei.(2012). Investigating spontaneous speech for language learning: an analysis of the interrelationship among topic-chains, clause-units and moves in dialogue. Presented at BAAL (British Association for Applied Linguistics) 2012 Conference, September, Southampton.਍ഀ
  18. Miho Fujiwara and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei.(2012). 日本語物語作文における学習者・母語話者のゼロ代਍幔羊⡏湵퐰ͫ₏䄀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀愀琀椀瘀攀 猀琀甀搀礀 漀渀 稀攀爀漀 愀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 甀猀攀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 渀漀渀ⴀ渀愀琀椀瘀攀 愀渀搀 渀愀琀椀瘀攀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 渀愀爀爀愀琀椀瘀攀猀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀䄀吀䨀 ⠀䄀洀攀爀椀挀愀渀 䄀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 吀攀愀挀栀攀爀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀⤀ ㈀　㄀㈀ 䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 Ⰰ 吀漀爀漀渀琀漀⸀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ    㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　㄀㄀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀椀鹲岊蝏湥ะ敜ڐ歒䨰儰謰배ൎ吊詞使用：日本語母語話者と日本語学習者の比較 (A comparative study on zero anaphora use in the initial part of written narratives: Non-native and native speakers of Japanese). Panel Title 母語話者と学習者による日本語物語作文の分析 (Analysis of Japanese written narratives by native speakers and learners). Presented at ATJ (Association of Teachers of Japanese) 2011 Annual Conference, April 2, Honolulu.਍ഀ
  19. Miho Fujiwara and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei.(2010). Japanese language learners' use of event anaphora in written discourse. Presented at ASPAC Conference 2010, Panel "CONTEXT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF JAPANESE GRAMMATICAL AND DISCOURSE COMPETENCE," June 18-20, Portland.਍ഀ
  20. Miho Fujiwara and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei.(2008). On what basis do Japanese native speakers use zero anaphora? : A theoretical and an empirical account using Centering Theory. Presented at American Association for Applied Linguistics (AAAL) 2008 Conference, March 29 - April 1, Washington, DC. [abstract]਍ഀ
  21. Miho Fujiwara and Mitsuko Yamura-Takei.(2008). 接続詞の使用とゼロ代਍幔릊赛Ꚋᩞ巿渰픰䑎罽栰ⱥ鹧妊뉥碀渰㨰ٹ㱕⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 匀椀砀琀栀 䈀椀攀渀渀椀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀爀愀挀琀椀挀愀氀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 ⠀䤀䌀倀䰀䨀㘀⤀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㄀ ☀ ㈀Ⰰ ㈀　　㠀Ⰰ 匀愀渀 䘀爀愀渀挀椀猀挀漀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀㄀㐀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ ऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀⠀㈀　　㘀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 一愀琀椀瘀攀 匀瀀攀愀欀攀爀猀ᤀ†䤀渀琀甀椀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 娀䔀刀伀 唀猀攀㨀 䄀渀 䄀挀挀漀甀渀琀 戀礀 䌀攀渀琀攀爀椀渀最 吀栀攀漀爀礀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 䘀椀昀琀栀 䈀椀攀渀渀椀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀爀愀挀琀椀挀愀氀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 ⠀䤀䌀倀䰀䨀㔀⤀Ⰰ 䄀瀀爀椀氀 㐀 愀渀搀 㔀Ⰰ ㈀　　㘀Ⰰ 匀愀渀 䘀爀愀渀挀椀猀挀漀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀倀䐀䘀⼀椀挀瀀氀樀　㘀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀倀䐀䘀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㔀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䤀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀椀渀最 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 挀漀洀瀀爀攀栀攀渀猀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 愀搀瘀愀渀挀攀搀 氀攀愀爀渀攀爀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 氀愀渀最甀愀最攀㨀 稀攀爀漀 愀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 愀渀搀 琀漀瀀椀挀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀椀琀礀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䜀攀漀爀最攀琀漀眀渀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 刀漀甀渀搀 吀愀戀氀攀 ⠀䜀唀刀吀⤀ ㈀　　㔀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㄀　ⴀ㄀㌀Ⰰ ㈀　　㔀Ⰰ 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀Ⰰ 䐀䌀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㤀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀 ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀娀攀爀漀 愀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 愀渀愀氀礀猀攀猀 琀漀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 搀椀昀昀椀挀甀氀琀礀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 琀攀砀琀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 䘀漀甀爀琀栀 䈀椀攀渀渀椀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀爀愀挀琀椀挀愀氀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 ⠀䤀䌀倀䰀䨀㐀⤀Ⰰ 䄀瀀爀椀氀 ㌀ 愀渀搀 㐀Ⰰ ㈀　　㐀Ⰰ 匀愀渀 䘀爀愀渀挀椀猀挀漀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㠀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㐀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀唀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀椀渀最 挀漀栀攀猀椀漀渀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 琀攀砀琀㨀 娀攀爀漀 愀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 愀猀 椀渀瘀椀猀椀戀氀攀 挀漀栀攀猀椀瘀攀琀椀攀猀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀吀䨀 ㈀　　㐀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㈀㐀Ⰰ 匀愀渀 䐀椀攀最漀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㜀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀娀攀爀漀 倀爀漀渀漀甀渀猀 椀渀 䨀匀䰀 刀攀愀搀椀渀最㨀 吀栀攀 䌀愀猀攀 漀昀 娀攀爀漀 䄀搀渀漀洀椀渀愀氀猀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䌀䄀䨀䰀䔀 ㈀　　㌀ ⠀䌀愀渀愀搀椀愀渀 䄀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 䔀搀甀挀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 ꬀쨰쀰ⱥ鹧妊뉥⾀ࡣ᪂⥏Ⰰ 䄀甀最甀猀琀 ㈀㄀ⴀ㈀㐀Ⰰ ㈀　　㌀Ⰰ 䌀愀氀最愀爀礀Ⰰ 䌀䄀一䄀䐀䄀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㘀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀娀攀爀漀 䐀攀琀攀挀琀漀爀㨀 䄀 吀攀愀挀栀椀渀最⼀䰀攀愀爀渀椀渀最 䄀椀搀 昀漀爀 娀攀爀漀猀 愀渀搀 䌀漀栀攀爀攀渀挀攀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 㠀琀栀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 倀愀渀ⴀ倀愀挀椀昀椀挀 䄀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䄀瀀瀀氀椀攀搀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 ⠀倀䄀䄀䰀㈀　　㌀⤀Ⰰ 䄀甀最甀猀琀 㐀ⴀ㔀Ⰰ ㈀　　㌀Ⰰ 伀欀愀礀愀洀愀Ⰰ 䨀䄀倀䄀一⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㔀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䄀猀猀攀猀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䐀椀昀昀椀挀甀氀琀礀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 刀攀愀搀椀渀最 䴀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀猀㨀 䄀 娀攀爀漀 倀爀漀渀漀甀渀 倀攀爀猀瀀攀挀琀椀瘀攀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀吀䨀 匀攀洀椀渀愀爀 ㈀　　㌀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㈀㜀Ⰰ ㈀　　㌀Ⰰ 一攀眀 夀漀爀欀 䌀椀琀礀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㐀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀 㰀⼀甀㸀⠀㈀　　㈀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀娀攀爀漀 䌀栀攀挀欀攀爀㨀 䄀 䌀䄀䰀䰀 倀爀漀最爀愀洀 琀栀愀琀 䔀渀栀愀渀挀攀猀 䌀漀洀瀀爀攀栀攀渀猀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 圀爀椀琀椀渀最 匀欀椀氀氀猀 昀漀爀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 娀攀爀漀 䄀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䄀吀䨀 匀攀洀椀渀愀爀 ㈀　　㈀Ⰰ 䄀瀀爀椀氀 㐀Ⰰ ㈀　　㈀Ⰰ 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀Ⰰ 䐀䌀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㌀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀 㰀⼀甀㸀⠀㈀　　㈀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 娀攀爀漀 䄀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 愀渀搀 椀琀猀 䄀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 愀 䌀䄀䰀䰀 倀爀漀最爀愀洀 ⠀娀攀爀漀 䌀栀攀挀欀攀爀⤀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 吀栀椀爀搀 䈀椀攀渀渀椀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀爀愀挀琀椀挀愀氀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 漀昀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 ⠀䤀䌀倀䰀䨀㌀⤀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㈀㈀ ☀愀洀瀀㬀 ㈀㌀Ⰰ ㈀　　㈀Ⰰ 匀愀渀 䘀爀愀渀挀椀猀挀漀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㈀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀 ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀㰀⼀甀㸀 愀渀搀 䄀氀椀猀愀 圀漀漀搀爀椀渀最 ⠀㄀㤀㤀㔀⤀⸀㰀戀㸀 䤀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀漀爀猀✀ 挀爀漀猀猀ⴀ挀甀氀琀甀爀愀氀 攀昀昀攀挀琀椀瘀攀渀攀猀猀 愀猀 愀 洀漀搀攀氀 昀漀爀 瀀爀攀搀攀瀀愀爀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 爀攀攀渀琀爀礀 瀀爀漀最爀愀洀猀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 倀爀攀猀攀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 䨀䄀䰀吀 匀漀甀琀栀眀攀猀琀 刀攀最椀漀渀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 吀攀愀挀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 䬀椀琀愀欀礀甀猀栀甀Ⰰ 䨀愀瀀愀渀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀愀戀　㄀∀㸀愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ ऀ  ऀऀ 㰀⼀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍          ഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀椀㸀唀渀瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀猀㰀⼀椀㸀 ⠀猀漀洀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀猀 琀栀攀爀攀椀渀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 椀渀挀漀爀瀀漀爀愀琀攀搀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 搀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 琀栀攀猀椀猀 戀攀氀漀眀⤀ഀ ਍          ऀऀ㰀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍            ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀Ⰰ 吀攀爀甀愀欀椀 䄀椀稀愀眀愀 愀渀搀 䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㐀⤀⸀䌰漀最渀椀琀椀瘀攀 倀爀漀挀攀猀猀攀猀 愀渀搀 匀攀挀漀渀搀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 䄀挀焀甀椀猀椀琀椀漀渀㨀 䤀洀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 昀漀爀 䌀䄀䰀䰀 䐀攀猀椀最渀⠀椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀⤀⸀ 贀乷ஐ桺ⰰ豻N麊튊靿᩟ÿ䌰䄀䰀䰀ⴀࢊ碊渰㨰ٹ๕෿ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀Ⰰ 䰀愀甀爀攀氀 䘀愀椀猀Ⰰ 䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 吀攀爀甀愀欀椀 䄀椀稀愀眀愀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀䘀漀爀最漀琀琀攀渀 刀攀昀攀爀攀渀琀椀愀氀 䰀椀渀欀猀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 䐀椀猀挀漀甀爀猀攀 愀渀搀 䌀攀渀琀攀爀椀渀最㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀䰀愀甀爀攀氀 䘀愀椀猀 愀渀搀 㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㈀　　㌀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀匀愀氀椀攀渀挀攀 刀愀渀欀椀渀最 椀渀 䌀攀渀琀攀爀椀渀最㨀 吀栀攀 䌀愀猀攀 漀昀 愀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 䌀漀洀瀀氀攀砀 一漀洀椀渀愀氀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀Ⰰ 䴀椀栀漀 䘀甀樀椀眀愀爀愀 愀渀搀 吀攀爀甀愀欀椀 䄀椀稀愀眀愀 ⠀㈀　　㈀⤀⸀ 刀攀猀漀氀瘀椀渀最 愀渀搀 䜀攀渀攀爀愀琀椀渀最 娀攀爀漀 䄀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀㨀 䄀 䌀䄀䰀䰀 倀攀爀猀瀀攀挀琀椀瘀攀⸀ ⠀攀砀琀攀渀搀攀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 倀䄀䌀䰀䤀一䜀 瀀愀瀀攀爀⤀⸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀऀ㰀⼀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀椀㸀吀栀攀猀攀猀㰀⼀椀㸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀ㰀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍            ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀ⴀ吀愀欀攀椀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀⠀㈀　　㔀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀吀栀攀漀爀攀琀椀挀愀氀Ⰰ 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 愀渀搀 倀攀搀愀最漀最椀挀愀氀 䄀瀀瀀爀漀愀挀栀攀猀 琀漀 娀攀爀漀 䄀爀最甀洀攀渀琀猀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀 䐀椀猀挀漀甀爀猀攀㨀 䴀愀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䤀渀瘀椀猀椀戀氀攀 嘀椀猀椀戀氀攀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 䐀漀挀琀漀爀愀氀 琀栀攀猀椀猀⸀ 䜀爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 匀挀栀漀漀氀 漀昀 䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀Ⰰ 䠀椀爀漀猀栀椀洀愀 䌀椀琀礀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀Ⰰ 䴀愀爀挀栀 ㈀　　㔀⸀ 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀搀漀挀开愀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䄀戀猀琀爀愀挀琀㰀⼀愀㸀崀 嬀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀搀漀挀开琀栀攀猀椀猀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀䐀漀眀渀氀漀愀搀愀戀氀攀 琀栀攀猀椀猀㰀⼀愀㸀崀ഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀甀㸀䴀椀琀猀甀欀漀 夀愀洀甀爀愀㰀⼀甀㸀⸀ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㜀⤀⸀ 㰀戀㸀娀攀爀漀 䄀渀愀瀀栀漀爀愀 刀攀猀漀氀甀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 䨀愀瀀愀渀攀猀攀㨀 䄀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䴀漀搀攀氀 昀漀爀 䴀愀挀栀椀渀攀 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀戀㸀⸀ 䴀愀猀琀攀爀猀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 瀀愀瀀攀爀⸀ 䜀爀愀搀甀愀琀攀 匀挀栀漀漀氀Ⰰ 䐀攀瀀愀爀琀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀Ⰰ 䜀攀漀爀最攀琀漀眀渀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀Ⰰ 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀Ⰰ 䐀䌀Ⰰ 䨀愀渀甀愀爀礀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㜀⸀ഀ ਍          ऀऀऀ㰀⼀漀氀㸀ഀ ਍        ऀऀ㰀⼀甀氀㸀ഀ ਍      㰀⼀甀氀㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍㰀栀㈀㸀爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 氀椀渀欀猀㰀⼀栀㈀㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍ऀ㰀甀氀㸀ഀ ਍ ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀㰀⼀愀㸀ഀ ਍ ऀऀ㰀氀椀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀攀爀⸀栀琀洀氀∀㸀爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀攀爀猀㰀⼀愀㸀ഀ ਍ऀ㰀⼀甀氀㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍㰀℀ⴀⴀ 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 琀漀瀀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍㰀瀀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀琀漀瀀∀㸀눀琥漀瀀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍㰀⼀搀椀瘀㸀ഀ ਍ഀ ਍ഀ ਍㰀⼀戀漀搀礀㸀ഀ ਍㰀⼀栀琀洀氀㸀�